Juridical Analysis: Layered Articles That Entrap Perpetrators

The perpetrator's actions can be subject to multiple articles in Indonesian laws and regulations.

Fraud (Article 378 of the Criminal Code)

The perpetrator clearly used tricks and a series of lies by promising a sum of money that never existed to obtain private content from the victim.

Dissemination of Immoral Content (Article 27 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law)

This article prohibits anyone from intentionally and without rights distributing content that contains elements of indecency. The dissemination of VCS recordings without the victim's permission clearly falls into this category.

Threats and Extortion (Article 29 of the ITE Law)

If in the process the perpetrator threatened to disseminate content to coerce the victim, this article can also be applied.

Aggravating Punishment (Article 64 of the Criminal Code)

Because this crime was committed repeatedly against many victims, the act can be considered a continuing act, which allows for aggravated punishment for the perpetrator.

Civil Damages Claim

In addition to criminal charges, the victim also has the right to file a claim for damages in civil court based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code for material losses (e.g., job loss) and immaterial losses (damage to reputation and trauma).