Criminal Law Literacy - This article explains international criminal law and its influence on national criminal law at the domestic (state) level.
What is International Criminal Law?
International Criminal Law is a collection of criminal law rules and principles that regulate international crimes. Thus, the object is international crimes, where the intended crimes are all internationally prohibited acts and all intended crimes have cross-border aspects to the territory of independent and sovereign states with one another. The various types of international crimes have been accommodated in a written international legal formulation which is expressed in the form of agreements, conventions or statutes.
How does International Criminal Law influence National Criminal Law?
Criminal law International regulates law enforcement for crimes that have been designated as international crimes, the adjudication of which can be carried out nationally or internationally. Law enforcement of international criminal law is based on national courts, and certain crimes can be tried internationally. The function of international criminal law is, among other things, to provide solutions to international criminal problems.
The reality of international criminal law enforcement with courts that have been accommodated with international courts is realized by the existence of the International Military Tribunal Nuremberg (IMTN), Hybrid Tribunal, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), International Military Tribunal Tokyo (IMTT).
Meanwhile, the enforcement of international crimes carried out by national courts, for example in Indonesia, includes the Human Rights Court and the prosecution of perpetrators of terrorism. Gross Human Rights Crimes and Terrorism have been designated as international crimes. The Human Rights Court is regulated in Law No. 26 of 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court which provides the legal basis for prosecuting perpetrators of serious human rights crimes in Indonesia and Law No. 15 of 2003 concerning the eradication of terrorism.
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