Legal Literacy - This article provides an in-depth look at the differences in legal terms between suspects, defendants, and convicts in Indonesian law. Understanding these terms is important for understanding the criminal justice process and the principles of justice in Indonesia.
Legal Terms in Criminal Law
In the Indonesian legal system, understanding the differences in legal terms between suspect, defendant, and convict is crucial. These terms represent different stages in the criminal justice process, each with its own legal implications. This article aims to clarify these terms and provide a comprehensive understanding of their legal basis in Indonesia.
Suspect in Indonesian Law
In Indonesian law, a suspect is a person suspected of committing a criminal act based on initial evidence. Suspect status is usually determined by the police during the investigation stage. According to Article 1 number 14 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), a suspect is a person who, based on preliminary evidence, is strongly suspected of committing a criminal act.
Defendant in Indonesian Law
Once the case is brought to court, the suspect becomes the defendant. A defendant is a person who is prosecuted in a criminal case. According to Article 1 number 15 of the KUHAP, a defendant is a person who is prosecuted in court.
Convict in Indonesian Law
If the court finds the defendant guilty of the charges, the defendant becomes a convict. A convict is a person who has been found guilty by a court and sentenced for a criminal act. According to Article 1 number 16 of the KUHAP, a convict is a person who has been sentenced by a court decision that has obtained legal force remain.
The Legal Process from Suspect to Convict
Understanding the process from being a suspect to becoming a convict is important for understanding how the Indonesian legal system works.This process begins with the investigation stage, where the police gather initial evidence about a criminal offense. If there is sufficient evidence, a person may be designated as a suspect.
The case then moves to the prosecution stage, where the public prosecutor brings the case to court. The suspect, who is now the defendant, is given the opportunity to defend themselves against the charges. The court then considers and renders a verdict. If the defendant is found guilty, they become a convict.
Conclusion
Understanding the differences in legal terms between suspect, defendant, and convict is crucial in understanding the Indonesian legal system. Each legal term represents a different stage in the criminal justice process, and each comes with its own set of rights and responsibilities. By understanding these terms, we can better understand the legal process in Indonesia and the principles of justice that they uphold.
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