With this document, freedom of speech, association, religion, and speaking are guaranteed and prohibit Congress from making laws that can hinder the practice of these freedoms. In addition, in 1789 the French Revolution also participated in protecting the freedoms inherent in humans, both in terms of security, rejection of forms of oppression, and ownership of property.

The Era of Universality of Human Rights

After the end of the two great world conflicts of the 20th century, the United Nations was finally established together with the UN Charter, especially Article 1 paragraph 3, which also encouraged and promoted respect for fundamental Human Rights, which continued with the birth of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), especially in articles 1 to 3. This declaration clearly does not distinguish each human being from obtaining their fundamental Rights in life so clearly that in 1966 the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights was created to bind the participating countries more firmly to respect Human Rights as in article 2 paragraph 2.

Entering 1984, a principle known as The Siracusa Principles was born, this principle is only a reference and framework designed by 31 experts international law in Italy. This principle was born as an effort to regulate a concrete set of rules in overcoming the misuse of emergency situations as contained in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

On June 25, 1993 in Vienna, Austria, mankind representing countries in the world reaffirmed their attitude and principles towards Human Rights in a conference. The result of the conference is called the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (VDPA). This declaration became a compass for taking real action.

There are at least several things contained in order to increase the efforts of world citizens in promoting more complete adherence to Human Rights, namely in the opening which states “Inviting the spirit and reality that exists in this era which calls on all nations of the world and member states of the UN to rededicate themselves to the global task of promoting and protecting all human rights and fundamental freedoms so as to secure the full application of these universal rights” and many other postulates in the opening regarding Human Rights as a relevant universal standard, Human Rights as inseparable, Human Rights as Democracy and development, poverty and the realization of Human Rights, women's rights and domestic violence, and the state's responsibility for Human Rights.