Forms of Democracy

Here are some common forms or types of democracy:

A. Based on Ideology

From an ideological perspective, the democratic system can be divided into two main forms:

1. Constitutional Democracy or Liberal Democracy

Constitutional Democracy or Liberal Democracy is a democratic system that aims to provide freedom to individuals. This liberal democracy emphasizes the protection of individual rights from excessive government, by adhering to the principles stated in the constitution. In this system, decisions are made based on the majority, so every policy must consider individual rights.

2. People's Democracy

People's Democracy advocates a life without social stratification and without private ownership. This system is also known as proletarian democracy which adheres to Marxism and communism.

B. Based on How the People's Will is Channelled

There are three types of democratic political systems that focus on people's participation, namely:

1. Direct Democracy

Direct democracy, often referred to as pure democracy, is a form of democracy in which power rests directly in the hands of the people without intermediaries such as representatives or parliaments. This type of democracy relies on active participation in the political process. When the government needs to pass laws or policies, these decisions are decided by the people through voting. By voting on various issues, the people have a strong role in determining the direction of their country.