In addition, the implementation of state responsibility through international dispute resolution forums by international institutions or organizations, countermeasures, UN international dispute resolution, and self-defense of a country is a regime of state responsibility for international crimes.

The form of state responsibility for unlawful acts under international law is also through UN international dispute resolution, both peacefully, such as the case of "United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Teheran" and violence, such as the case of crimes against humanity and genocide committed by Yugoslavia against the people or civilians of Kosovo.

Special international or national regulations regarding state responsibility in international crimes are very necessary considering that neither international criminal law nor other regulations have affirmed the state as a subject of law, so that state responsibility has not been well implemented. This can also make it easier to resolve problems related to international crimes committed entirely by the state.

References

  • Cassese, Antonio. “On the Current Trends Towards Criminal Prosecution and Punishment of Breaches of International Humanitarian Law” Vol. 9 no. 1 (1998).
  • Effendi, Tolib. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Yustisia, 2014. (International Criminal Law. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Yustisia, 2014.)
  • Pasek Diantha, I Made. Hukum Pidana Internasional dalam Dinamika Pengadilan Pidana Internasional. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group, 2018. (International Criminal Law in the Dynamics of the International Criminal Court. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group, 2018.)
  • Starke, J.G. Introduction to International Law. London: Butterworths, 1967.

*This article represents the personal opinion of the author and does not represent the views of the editors of Literasi Hukum Indonesia.