Legal Literacy - This article discusses the close relationship between public service and good governance. Good public service is a reflection of good governanceand good governance is the foundation for creating quality public services.
Public Service
Public services are regulated in Law 25/2009. The law explains that public service (public service) is a series of activities to meet the service needs of the community for an object or administrative service as regulated in the laws and regulations by the service provider. The object here is goods and/or services that are public goods provided by the government.
Regarding the organizers, public services are generally divided into two types, namely public services organized by public organizations, and those organized by private organizations. Public organizations are divided into primary and secondary. In various readings, these services have differences.
Private public services are services carried out by the private sector, for example, transportation services, universities, hospitals, and so on. Primary public services are public services where the government is the sole service provider, and the public is required to use them, for example, the creation of Resident Identity Cards (KTP), judicial institution services, immigration services, and other services. Secondary public services are public services that can be organized by the private sector and the government, so that the public can choose, such as education programs, insurance programs, banking, and so on.
Good Governance
Good governance was previously unknown in any legal literature. This principle was originally born from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). This principle has 8 main pillars in OECD, namely:
1. Accountability
All policy stakeholders in government and the private sector have responsibilities to the public and all rights and obligations holders.
2. Effectiveness and efficiency
Products generated by all stakeholders in government must be appropriate and as effective as possible.
3. Equity
The government's obligation to provide equal opportunities to all members of society
4. Consensus Oriented
The stakeholders within the government must pay more attention to the interests of the wider community when creating procedures and policies.
5. Responsiveness
The execution of duties within the government must prioritize a supportive, critical, cooperative, proactive, and sensitive attitude towards the needs of the community.
6. Transparency
All developments and results of the government in carrying out its duties must provide clear and open information to the public.
7. Rule of Law
The obligation of all stakeholders to submit and adhere to the law in creating all policies. Thus, this will ensure the supremacy of law in government policymaking..
8. Participation
The obligation of all policymakers to involve the community whose interests are involved in policymaking.
A clean government (Clean Government) is an integral part of good governance. This reflects the integration between policymakers and the community. The realization of good governance will not create social inequality for the community.
As a principle of governance, Good Governance must be realized and directed in all government implementations as binding regulations as well as a reference for the government. Good governance can also be aligned with the General Principles of Good Governance (AUPB) which are explicitly stated in Article 10 of Law 30/2014. The synergy between AUPB and good governance creates a clean and authoritative government.
The Relationship Between Good Governance and Public Service
Public service is a reflection of the implementation of Good Governance. A fundamental question is, why is public service so urgent in the implementation of good governance values? Why not other aspects of governance? There are several reasons for this.
First, public service can create a forum for implementing Good Governance values in a real and easy way in administrative matters such as participation, accountability, transparency, and efficiency. This is more effective in implementing good governance values than other aspects of government activities.
Second, public service contains all the pillars of good governance, namely the government, the private sector, and the community. Public service has a high urgency and is a stake in the good or bad relationship between the pillars of good governance. The realization of good service delivery is an indicator of the government's success in building the legitimacy of power. Reforms from unsatisfactory public services will improve good governance values. Thus, this will be effective in maintaining synergy between the pillars of good governance, including creating public welfare with broad support.
Third, poor public services will certainly be widely felt by the community, which will lead to distrust of the government. The existence of reforms from poor public services will certainly be directly felt by the community. The successful implementation of good governance will generate trust and gain support from the community. So that people think that good governance can become a reality, not just wishful thinking.
Fourth, improving public services can stop bad governance practices that have mushroomed and become a bad culture in government. Many people consider the existence of illegal levies (pungli) to be normal and even feel right because the service is completed quickly. Tolerance of this bad governance is certainly dangerous to the survival of the nation and state. So this bad governance culture must be prevented starting from instilling good governance values in public services.
Fifth, improvements in public services are expected to attract international figures who can respond to public service problems. Governance has a broader definition than government. Governance includes all pillars, even market mechanisms. There have been many interconnections between these pillars in public services. Thus, in reality, the practice of good governance in public services has become common and should be implemented. The development of all pillars of good governance can create proportional and complementary redistribution and repositioning, which will further develop synergy between the pillars. This will certainly create Indonesia's authority on the international stage, so that many international actors will be interested in making all kinds of efforts in Indonesia, such as doing business, investing capital and capital markets, and so on.
Sixth, ease in seeing indicators and benchmarks regarding the success of public services based on good governance. This can be seen through high accountability, responsiveness to a problem that occurs, non-discrimination, and efficiency. Ease in assessing the development of public services based on good governance makes it very effective. This will certainly create convenience for the government, which will certainly also create public welfare.
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